Basic Content and Methods Guide for Daily Maintenance of Crushers

Basic Content and Methods Guide for Daily Maintenance of Crushers

Maintaining crushers in good working condition is crucial, and the core of this lies in establishing and implementing a "preventive maintenance" system. This system, through regular inspection, cleaning, lubrication, and tightening, aims to identify and eliminate potential problems early, preventing minor issues from escalating into major failures or unexpected downtime, thus ensuring production continuity and extending equipment lifespan. Consistent daily maintenance is essential and should be ingrained as a standard operating procedure.

The basic content of daily maintenance begins with routine inspections and maintenance before and after each operation. Before starting, operators must conduct a comprehensive inspection: checking that all connecting bolts (especially those on bearing housings, liners, and anchor bolts) are securely tightened – this is crucial to prevent loosening that can lead to increased vibration and component damage; checking the tension and wear of belts or couplings, and adjusting them as needed; checking the lubrication system to ensure sufficient lubricant and unobstructed oil lines, and adding grease on time; and checking the crushing chamber for any remaining foreign objects such as metal or wood from previous operations. After starting, run the crusher unloaded for 2-3 minutes, carefully listening for any abnormal metallic collision or friction sounds, and observing the bearing areas for abnormal temperature rise and vibration. After stopping, promptly clean dust and debris from the equipment surface and surrounding areas, especially around the motor cooling fins and pulleys.

Regular, focused in-depth inspections and maintenance are a deeper level of maintenance. This needs to be carried out according to a schedule based on equipment operating time or the amount of material processed. Key areas include: regularly opening inspection doors to check the wear of wear parts (such as jaw plates, impact plates, hammer heads, and side liners). When wear reaches the specified limit, they must be replaced or reversed promptly; otherwise, it will affect the output particle size, reduce efficiency, and potentially damage other components. Check the temperature and sealing of bearings to ensure normal operating temperature and good sealing to prevent dust ingress. Check transmission components, such as whether the belts are slipping, whether the chains are stretched, and whether the gear meshing is normal. At the same time, all lubrication points should be systematically replenished or lubricated regularly (e.g., weekly or bi-weekly).

The core of the method guidance lies in standardization and record-keeping. To ensure that no maintenance tasks are overlooked, a "Daily Inspection and Maintenance Checklist" should be created for each crusher, clearly defining the items, standards, and frequency of maintenance. All inspection, lubrication, adjustment, and replacement operations should be recorded in the equipment maintenance log, including the date, operator, problems found, and corrective actions taken. This record is valuable for analyzing equipment operating trends, predicting component lifespan, and implementing "preventive maintenance." For example, by recording the replacement cycle of the hammer heads, the next replacement time can be estimated, and spare parts can be prepared in advance. When the equipment needs to be shut down for an extended period due to seasonal or other reasons, thorough cleaning, comprehensive lubrication, and rust prevention treatment should be performed, and the power supply should be disconnected. Through this systematic and traceable daily maintenance method, the reliability and economic efficiency of the crusher can be maximized.