Solutions for Dust Control in Crusher Production

Solutions for Dust Control in Crusher Production

Crushers generate significant amounts of dust during operation, which not only pollutes the environment and harms health but can also cause equipment malfunctions and safety accidents. Effective dust control requires a systematic solution covering the entire process from dust generation to final collection.

I. Source Suppression: Reducing Dust Generation

This is the most economical and fundamental control method.

Material Humidification: Install spray dust suppression devices at the crusher's inlet and outlet. By spraying an appropriate amount of water mist onto the material, increasing its surface humidity, dust can be effectively suppressed. The key is to control the water volume, achieving dust suppression without affecting subsequent material processing or causing equipment blockage.

Optimizing Processes and Equipment:

Reducing Discharge Drop: Minimize the height difference of material during transfer from conveyor belts or between equipment. Buffer chutes can be installed to reduce impact dust.

Selecting Equipment with Good Sealing: Prioritize new crushers with superior internal sealing structures.

II. Process Enclosure: Preventing Dust Dispersion

Confining dust to a limited space facilitates centralized processing.

Overall Equipment Enclosure: For the main crusher, especially key dust-generating points such as the crushing chamber, feed inlet, and discharge outlet, use sealing covers (such as steel plates or soft curtains) for overall or partial enclosure, creating negative pressure within the covers to prevent dust escape.

Enclosure of the Conveying System: Fully enclose or cover the belt conveyor connected to the crusher to prevent dust from being emitted at transfer points.

III. High-Efficiency Collection: Removing Generated Dust

This is the core step in achieving emission standards.

Configuring a Bag Filter (Most Common and Reliable):

Working Principle: A dust suction hood and duct are installed above the crusher's sealing cover and dust-generating points. The negative pressure generated by a fan draws dust-laden gas into the bag filter. Dust is trapped by the filter bags, while clean air is released into the atmosphere.

Advantages: High dust removal efficiency (typically >99%), stable operation, and easy recycling of collected dry dust.

Wet Dust Collection (Suitable for Specific Applications):

Such as water bath dust collectors and spray towers, these capture dust through water mist or a water film. Suitable for applications where material humidification is permissible and caking is unlikely. The resulting muddy wastewater needs to be treated.

IV. Auxiliary and Maintenance Measures

Ensure system airtightness: Regularly check dust collection pipes, dust hoods, and equipment seals for air leaks. Air leaks will significantly reduce dust collection efficiency.

Standardized Operation and Maintenance:

When starting the equipment, the dust collection system should be turned on first; after shutdown, the dust collection system should be turned off after a delay to remove residual dust.

Clean the dust collector regularly, especially replacing damaged filter bags on time to ensure it is always in optimal working condition.

Personal Protection: Equip personnel who must enter high-dust environments with qualified dust masks (e.g., KN95/N95 standard).

Summary: Suppression, Enclosure, Collection, and Protection – A Four-in-One Approach

An effective dust control system typically combines "spray dust suppression + enclosed equipment + baghouse dust collection + personal protective equipment."

For stationary crushing production lines: Investing in a complete enclosed + baghouse dust collection system is essential to meet environmental regulations and occupational health standards.

For mobile crushing plants: Priority should be given to equipping them with spray dust suppression devices and integrated vehicle-mounted dust collection systems.

The key is to treat dust control as an integral part of the production process, designing and managing it systematically, rather than as a reactive measure. This is not only responsible to the environment and employees but also reduces equipment wear, material loss, and achieves green production.